Who checks that rules are being followed and how are rules enforced?
Peer Monitoring source
In order for a commons to survive in the long run, it is important for all participants to follow the rules they have agreed upon. If members take it upon themselves to coordinate and monitor everyone’s compliance with the rules, there is usually no need for external (state) supervision. Sanctions may be applied as a result of internal monitoring, though in most cases, the process of agreeing upon when and how to apply sanctions is enough to ensure compliance with the rules.
# Examples
- At Alt Ungnade 
rule violations are regularly addressed in a so-called “shitty weather round.” Such events, which sardonically acknowledge the need for an unpleasant group reckoning, are convened promptly after any incidents and helps to maintain good relations.
- There is a saying in open software circles, “With many eyes, all bugs are shallow.” Broader monitoring of the quality of code helps improve it. Similarly, Wikipedia editors track the editing decisions of their peers.
- Many residents who live around the Pink Lake in Senegal dig salt and sell it to supplement their families’ income. Access is public, and anyone can harvest the salt. To prevent excessive extraction, the governing body of the villagers decided to ban the use of engines for salt harvesting. All participants monitor for violations.
- Villagers in community forest in Odisha, India, collectively monitor each other’s use of wood and other forest wealth to assure that they are not over-harvested.